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What to Do When Your HVAC System Breaks Down

What to Do When Your HVAC System Breaks Down

April 28, 2025

Few things are more stressful than having your HVAC system break down—especially during extreme weather. Whether it’s a sweltering summer day or a freezing winter night, losing heating or cooling can quickly turn into a serious problem. Knowing what steps to take when your HVAC system stops working can help you stay safe, minimize damage, and get your comfort back quickly.

Here’s a guide on what to do when your HVAC system breaks down.

1. Stay Calm and Check the Basics

When your HVAC system stops working, the first thing to do is stay calm. Sometimes the solution is simpler than you think.

Basic troubleshooting checklist:

  • Check the thermostat settings. Make sure it’s set to "Cool" or "Heat," depending on the season, and the temperature setting is correct.

  • Ensure the thermostat has working batteries if it’s battery-operated.

  • Look at your circuit breakers. A tripped breaker could be the reason your system isn't turning on.

  • Make sure the HVAC unit's power switch is turned on.

  • Inspect air filters. Clogged filters can restrict airflow and cause shutdowns.

 

2. Listen for Strange Noises

If the system is still running but not functioning properly, pay attention to any unusual noises. Sounds like grinding, banging, or screeching can indicate mechanical problems inside your system.

Common noises and what they mean:

  • Grinding: Motor issues

  • Banging: Loose parts or broken components

  • Screeching: Belt or fan problems

 

3. Inspect the Outdoor Unit

Your HVAC system’s outdoor unit can sometimes reveal clues about what's wrong.

What to look for:

  • Ice buildup on coils (common in summer)

  • Visible damage or debris clogging the unit

  • Leaking fluids around the base

If you notice ice or blockages, turn off the system and allow the unit to thaw before restarting.

 

4. Know When to Shut Down the System

If you hear loud noises, smell burning odors, or see smoke, turn off your HVAC system immediately. Continuing to run a malfunctioning system can cause further damage and increase repair costs.

Signs you should shut it down:

  • Burning smells

  • Electrical odors

  • Sparks or visible flames

  • Loud, repetitive noises

 

5. Call an HVAC Professional

After you’ve done some basic checks and ruled out simple fixes, call a licensed HVAC technician. A professional can quickly diagnose the problem, recommend repairs, and safely restore your system.

Information to have ready when you call:

  • HVAC system brand and model number

  • Description of the issue and any error codes (if applicable)

  • When you first noticed the problem

  • Any steps you already took to troubleshoot

 

6. Use Temporary Solutions to Stay Comfortable

While waiting for a repair, you can take some temporary steps to stay safe and comfortable.

If your AC fails in the summer:

  • Close blinds and curtains to block heat from sunlight.

  • Use fans to circulate air.

  • Stay hydrated and wear light clothing.

If your heating fails in the winter:

  • Layer up with warm clothing and blankets.

  • Use space heaters safely, following all manufacturer instructions.

  • Keep interior doors closed to trap heat in occupied rooms.

 

7. Prevent Future Breakdowns

After your HVAC system is repaired, focus on preventing future issues with regular maintenance.

Maintenance tips:

  • Schedule professional tune-ups twice a year (spring and fall).

  • Change air filters every 1–3 months.

  • Keep the outdoor unit clear of debris.

  • Upgrade to a smart thermostat to monitor system performance.

Proper maintenance not only reduces breakdown risks but also extends the life of your HVAC system.

 

When to Consider HVAC Replacement

If your HVAC system breaks down frequently, needs costly repairs, or is over 10–15 years old, it might be time to consider replacing it.

Signs you may need a new system:

  • Repairs cost more than 50% of the price of a new system

  • Your energy bills keep rising

  • Your system struggles to maintain consistent temperatures

Newer systems are more energy-efficient, reliable, and may qualify for rebates and tax credits in 2025.

 

When your HVAC system breaks down, quick action can minimize discomfort and prevent further damage. Start by checking simple issues, stay alert to signs of serious problems, and call a trusted HVAC professional if needed. Staying calm, using temporary solutions, and focusing on long-term maintenance will help you stay comfortable and protect your home investment.

At ITAK Heating & Cooling, we offer fast, reliable HVAC repair services when you need them most. Whether you need emergency service or seasonal maintenance, our expert technicians are ready to restore your comfort. Contact us today for all your heating and cooling needs.